American military officials knew that many Japanese soldiers would rather die than surrender. Why was Hitler happy that the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor? These and other viewpoints would be challenged with the United States' entry into World War II. D.It showed Roosevelt could be flexible when negotiating with the Soviet Union. A) The United States did not want to worsen diplomatic relations with the Nazis. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. The Tuskegee Airmen were "We were forced by the government to move from California because they feared we might be capable of sabotage or espionage. Dec. 11. After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? C) the Allies invaded Germany from Denmark and Sweden. Over 100,000 Japanese Americans were forced into internment camps as a result of Executive Order 9066, which B) the establishment of the U.N. Security Council. . C) was a government agency that worked with the Red Cross to rescue Jews in Eastern Europe. D. 1942: Feb. 19. . The United States did not sign the 1951 Refugee Convention, but did sign the 1967 United Nations Refugee Protocol, which removed those geographical and time limitations. "Dear Mr. President," Nashville, Tennessee, January or February "Dear Mr. President," New York, New York, January or February Letter from Alan Lomax to Wilhelmina Waters, April 3, 1942. D. "I thought the government should have adopted deficit spending during the war instead of focusing on keeping a balanced budget." Flushed with their success against Germany and Japan in 1945, most Americans initially viewed their place in the postwar world with optimism and confidence. Many of the scientists who developed the first atomic bomb as part of the Manhattan Project were Soldiers began to come home and find peacetime jobs. "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression. 3, Two days later, on December 11, 1941, Adolf Hitler declared war on the United States, and Benito Mussolini of Italy followed suit. . American neutrality in the first years of the war in Europe. C) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees. In particular, World War II led many women to take jobs in defense plants and factories around the country. Hours later, the United States declared war on both countries. Why did the US join the Second World war in 1941? After learning about the Armenian Genocide, students reflect on the writing prompt a second time by adding a historical lense. a.) Circle each direct object. The International Refugee Organization (IRO), a temporary specialized agency of the newly established United Nations, was created in December 1946 to replace the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) and the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees (IGC), which had originally been created during the Evian Conference in 1938. "Since the government guaranteed a profit on sales, our corporation accepted a defense contract. A. collect money for the war effort through the sale of war bonds. a.) Thirty-five years after they won that apology and survivors of prison camps received $20,000 each . The American forces liberated Paris and much of occupied France. C. make certain that the United States would stay neutral. A. C) creating a military tribunal to punish those who participated in the Nazi genocide. A. the Atlantic Charter issued Executive Order 8802. The experience of World War I had a . d.) A. b.) After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? "Over 90% of us were relocated against our will to assembly centers during the war." On May 19, 1921, President Warren Harding signed the Quota Act of 1921 (also known as the Emergency Quota Act). FDR came to Yalta hoping to establish the groundwork for a practical and powerful United Nations, to be formed after the war, and also to convince the Russians to enter the war against Japan and help speed up . b.) Why was Stalin more supportive of an Allied invasion of France than Roosevelt and Churchill? This is a timeline of events of World War II in 1939, from the start of the war on 1 September 1939.For events preceding September 1, 1939, see the timeline of events preceding World War II.. Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939, and Britain and France's declaration of war on Germany two days later marks the beginning of World War II. A.Germany was able to take over much of Europe by 1940. In the end, the United States was forced into the war on December 7th, 1941 when Japan surprise attack the United States at Pearl Harbor. b.) C. A. B. economic equality The photographs and graphs in this gallery support the conclusion that C. In the decades between World War I and the attack on Pearl Harbor, tensions between Japan and the United States were primarily caused by published this 12-page pamphlet after the U.S. had entered World War II. "My uncle worked as a ship builder and told me about how President Roosevelt nationalized the shipping and shipbuilding industries." went through a period of economic instability. Place the events related to World War II in the correct sequence, following the signing of a mutual defense treaty by Japan and Germany. D) demonstrate the power of nuclear weapons. d.) A large number of African Americans left there to work in shipyards on the West Coast. Claudia Bautista, Santa Monica, Calif. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. Sources. In 1958 and 1966, presidents Eisenhower and Johnson issued parole directives to aid 30,700 Hungarian refugees and nearly 500,000 Cuban refugees fleeing their nations revolutions, reclassifying these refugees as permanent US residents. When Hitler stationed troops in the Rhineland in 1936, it was a direct violation of. A. promote the spread of democracy all over the world. laborers migrated from Mexico to work on farms in the West. B. The Nazi forces were crippled by having to use their reserve forces and supplies. Virtually none of the fighting had taken place on U.S. soil. Through the government's bracero program, B. to force Japan into fighting a two-front war and gain strategic positions from which to attack What were some similarities between racism in Nazi Germany and in the United States, 1920s-1940s? D) all of the Allies suffered economically due to the war. a.) C. the Lend-Lease Act Invite students to reflect on why it matters who tells our stories as they view a documentary film about the profound courage and resistance of the Oyneg Shabes in the Warsaw ghetto. Why was Roosevelt's "Quarantine" speech in 1937 widely criticized by Americans at the time? In 1948, President Truman demonstrated major support for the Jewish cause by At this time, documentary requirements were also increased: applicants now needed two financial affidavits instead of one. To free Australia from Japanese occupation It would prevent the Axis from receiving reinforcements from Japan's Indian Ocean fleet. In exchange, refugees must abide by the laws and regulations of the country of asylum. Most of Japan's former colonies were now under U.S. control. A major factor that led to US involvement in World War II was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. C. Japan targeted civilian populations when they dropped bombs on the Allied Powers. B) more than one half It could no longer defend the mainland. C) They felt it would divert too many resources away from their military operations elsewhere. B) provide the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question." Hundreds of thousands of liberated Jews, suffering from starvation and disease, emerged from concentration camps, hiding places, and places of temporary refuge to discover a world which still seemed to have no place for them. President Lyndon Johnson signed the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 (known as the Hart-Celler Act), which eliminated the national origins quotas that for 40 years had seriously limited the ability of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe, Africa, and Asia, to obtain US immigration visas. In the late 1930s, Jews fleeing Nazi persecution in Europe were consistently referred to as refugees. However, this term had no legal meaning under US law, save for theoretically exempting these immigrants from having to pass a literacy test. Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution, a world which still seemed to have no place for them. When World War I broke out across Europe in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the United States would remain neutral, and many Americans supported . D. A second series of interviews, called "Dear Mr. President," was recorded in January and February 1942. C. ", b.) B. the economy failed to improve. classified them as enemy combatants. The Library of Congress offers classroom materials and professional development to help teachers effectively use primary sources from the Library's vast digital collections in their teaching. "Corporations and business owners used the assembly line to tackle production on a massive scale. In March 1980, Congress passed the Refugee Act of 1980, expressing that it is the historic policy of the United States to respond to the urgent needs of persons subject to persecution in their homelands. The Act laid out the procedures for the admission of refugees into the United States and how the US would fulfill its obligations as a signatory of the United Nations Refugee Protocol. By capturing nearby islands, the U.S. could install military bases to keep Japan in check. D. WACs did important jobs, including driving trucks and clerical work, for the United States Army. Three years after the end of the war, there were still a substantial number of displaced persons in Europe. Before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, however, Americans were seriously divided over what the role of the United States in the war should be, or if it should even have a role at all. d) Americans experienced a series of military losses. A. In his 1947 State of the Union, Truman stated, We are dealing with a human problem, a world tragedy. In his 1948 State of the Union, he argued for suitable legislation at once so that this nation may do its share in caring for homeless and suffering refugees of all faiths. To seize islands vital to Japanese transportation and communication Prevention of Soviet expansion in Asia a.) Also included are biographies of the fieldworkers who conducted and arranged the interviews, complete transcripts of the interviews, related manuscripts, and original disc sleeves. The United States did not sign the 1951 Refugee Convention. The origins of the policy may be traced back to the 1938 decision by the US to permit weapons sales to Great Britain and France on a "cash and carry" basis. General Bradley had less experience in launching amphibious attacks. Which of these countries took an isolationist approach to foreign policy in the 1930s? D) the division of Germany into communist and non-communist sectors. C. Americans suffered heavy losses at Pearl Harbor. The United Nations succeeded where the League of Nations failed largely due to C. the brutal nature of the war in the Pacific. A. acknowledged We are now in the midst of a war, not for conquest, not for vengeance, but for a world in which this Nation, and all that this Nation represents, will be safe for our children. B. c) it maintained control of the Philippines. a.) Ships that arrived at 11 p.m. on August 31, for instance, could be fined for bringing passengers from countries where the quota had already been filled; one hour later, on September 1, the passengers could enter under newly opened quota slots. 300 seconds. C. B) World War I and World War II D) 290,000 people. A) segregated Jews at every level of German society. B. World War Two ended finally in the summer of nineteen forty-five. D) Hitler designated certain areas of the country as ghettoes to house the Jewish population. A. B) They needed the railway lines to expedite the delivering of supplies to the front lines. What was the Double Victory? C. generate support for the war effort and boost morale through the media. Students reflect on, gather evidence for, and discuss the unit writing prompt in its entirety. C. Many Americans favored a strong interventionist foreign policy regarding the situation in Europe and Asia. He motivated Americans and established agencies to direct mobilization. Those men held power by selling everyone else a myth: The biggest threat to workers like you are . They sought peace through isolation and throughout the 1920s advocated a policy of disarmament and nonintervention. In this way, refugees and immigrants were still tied together in US immigration law. Lend-lease was the term popularly given to the US policy of extending material aid to the Allies before and after the United States entered World War II. The Refugee Act of 1980 remains in effect. c.) What events is the preamble referring to in this excerpt? The population plummeted due to people going to fight overseas. d.) To address the need, federal funding began flowing to nursing schools in 1942, and in 1943 Congress authorized the Cadet Nurse Corps. World War I was the deadliest conflict until that point in human history, claiming tens of millions of casualties on all sides. . With the support of President Gerald Ford, Congress passed a law in 1975 to allow more than 130,000 South Vietnamese and Cambodians to enter the United States, and President Jimmy Carter permitted 15,000 refugees who had escaped southeast Asia by boat to become permanent US residents in 1977. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 These laws did not change in the 1930s, as desperate Jewish refugees attempted to immigrate from Nazi Germany. Pressure from China, a.) D. The population stayed roughly the same as auto factories were converted to produce munitions. British concerns over its border security in the Atlantic. Then, tell whether the gerund is a subject, a predicate nominative, a direct object, an indirect object, or an object of a preposition. D) World War II and the Korean Conflict, "The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members." D) pressuring Germany into providing financial reparations to victims of the Holocaust. "We were faced with the possibility of deportation even though we were U.S. citizens." b.) the Central Intelligence Agency. He personally directed the military buildup of troops and supplies. instituted the Congress of Racial Equality. After World War I, America became an isolationist nation. There were several well-publicized cases of Japanese American spies being caught operating in the United States. How did the countrys reasons for fighting the war, as articulated by Roosevelt, differ from those of Germany. A. b.) "We were faced with the possibility of deportation even though we were U.S. b.) buying and selling coupon books for rationed goods. African American workers were paid the same wages as whites. C) the independence of former British colonies in the Middle East B. In the following sentences, underline the gerund. The Nuremberg Laws "We found financial self-reliance, which was new for us, after we went to work in the defense industry." Without any significant factual evidence, the government perceived Japanese Americans as being a threat to national security. American concerns over Japanese aggression in the Pacific. In the next 20 years, the Cold War spawned many tensions between the two superpowers abroad and fears of Communist subversion gripped domestic politics at home. SAN FRANCISCO When Miya Iwataki and other Japanese Americans fought in the 1980s for the U.S. government to apologize to families it imprisoned during World War II, Black politicians and civil rights leaders were integral to the movement. C) the prohibition of dictatorships like the Soviet Union. Pages 4 Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. B. Letter from Fletcher Collins to Alan Lomax, Page 1, December 11, "Man-on-the-Street," Bloomington, Indiana, December 10, 1941, "Man-on-the-Street," Austin, Texas, December 9, 1941, "Dear Mr. President," Tucson, Arizona, January or February 1942. In most cases, the recordings were digitized by Library of Congress staff directly from the discs on which they were originally recorded. it eliminated Japan's main refueling station for its air force. They needed to wrest control of the Suez Canal and the oilfields in the Middle East from Italy first. Choose the statement that best reflects the experience of women as a social group after the United States entered World War II. They were historically significant. But within two years of the end of the war, new challenges and perceived threats had arisen to erode that confidence. The new immigration law reserved 6% of each years visas for people who were fleeing persecution in communist areas or the Middle East, or had escaped after a natural disaster. Audie Murphy famously received the Congressional Medal of Honor for D. Many Americans believed the Soviet Union posed a greater threat than the Nazis or the Japanese. By June 1948 Truman had pushed for some sort of legislation on behalf of displaced persons for at least eighteen months. Being attacked by a foreign power drew the country immediately into the war. The Senate did not believe the emergency warranted this dramatic step but was willing to significantly restrict the number of immigrants allowed to enter the United States. Millions of men and women entered military service and saw parts of the world they would likely never have seen otherwise. was able to return its focus to domestic issues. C) not have to listen to unfavorable views. For this reason, the Library has edited the Washington, D.C., audiotapes and transcripts to remove interviewee names. b.) For each word at the left, complete the four derivatives indicated. American military officials knew that many Japanese soldiers would rather die than surrender. D. The U.S. rejected Japan's demand of expansion. World War II started on September 1, 1939, with the German invasion of Poland. Five million women entered the workforce between 1940-1945. How long did it take for the value of U.S. imports to double after World War II? The Battle of Midway is considered one of the major turning points of the war because C) World War I and the Spanish Civil War Why were Japanese Americans interned during World War II? C. The United States remained neutral in . "My factory converted its production lines to produce bombers, and we hired more workers. "When the Japanese attacked, most factories were already set up to produce for the war effort." Even the 300,000 combat deaths suffered by Americans paled in comparison to any other major belligerent. ", Choose the statement that describes an economic consequence of the United States as an "arsenal of democracy." Other countries fared worse: Poland, with a prewar Jewish population of 3.5 million, had a quota of 6,524, and Romania, with a Jewish population of nearly a million, had a quota of 377. To control rent and other consumer prices after the start of World War II, the Office of Price Administration was established. When did the United States enter World War II? Dec. 7. After Germanys annexation of Austria and with the advice of the State Department, a group of Jewish congressmen met and decided not to introduce any new legislation to expand immigration to aid Jewish refugees. . a.) B. destroy ships and planes that threatened their expansion efforts. Planning for the post-World War II world began before the United States even entered the conflict. According to Roosevelt, what principles was the United States fighting for? b.) After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the United States declared war against Japan and entered World War II. d.) The entry of the United States into World War II caused vast changes in virtually every aspect of American life. "We were forced by the government to move from California because they feared we might be capable of sabotage or espionage." b.) D) three quarters, The Jewish population of Romania was reduced by approximately D. was assassinated by a group of his own generals. "As the war continued, the supply of weaponry became greater than demand and prices fell." A. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 2 By the time the United States entered World War II, it had already been providing aid to areas threatened by Axis powers. "Defense contracts during the war were undesirable, because they required that businesses pay huge upfront costs." The Act, which authorized 200,000 displaced persons to enter the United States, mortgaged the still-extant 1924 immigration quotas, allowing up to 50% of future quota spaces to be used on behalf of displaced persons, with few exceptions. concur\hspace{1cm}_______ing \hspace{1cm}______ed \hspace{1cm}______ent\hspace{1cm}______ence, Identify the following term or individual and explain their significance. U.S. code breakers had intercepted the Japanese plans. B) head of the United Nations Security Council The only editing redacted interviewee names from several recordings and removed Leadbelly's two songs for which permissions have not yet been received. The United Nations 1951 Refugee Convention granted legal protection to refugees but placed limitations on qualifying for refugee status. They feature a wide diversity of opinion concerning the war and other social and political issues of the day, such as racial prejudice and labor disputes. April 6, 1917 Small but significant named World War II US Navy Corpsman grouping named to Wallace H. Fritsch, who served on Peleliu during World War II. The postwar world also presented Americans with a number of problems and issues. A. individual liberties C) almost one third The United States declared war on the German Empire on April 6, 1917, nearly three years after World War I started. C. stable government "The government paid most of the costs for my company to convert to wartime production. Diego Rivera. One appeal of totalitarianism was the promise of: B. separate Why were Hiroshima and Nagasaki chosen as the targets for nuclear attacks? A. D) the ratification of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. As a result, relations with Latin-American nations improved substantially under Hoover, an anti-imperialist. President Harry S. Truman favored a liberal immigration policy toward displaced persons (DPs). It granted Germany a testing ground for new technology. c.) C. a.) C. c.) At the Potsdam Conference, the Which policy best demonstrates appeasement during the 1930s? d.) forcing Italy to surrender and change sides. Other countries fared worse: Poland, with a, Throughout the 1930s, most Americans opposed changing or adjusting the Johnson-Reed Act, fearing that immigrants, including those fleeing persecution, would compete for scarce jobs and burden public services in the midst of the, The only significant attempt to pass a law to aid refugees came in 1939, when Democratic Senator Robert Wagner of New York and Republican Congresswoman Edith Rogers of Massachusetts introduced. War Two ended finally in the late 1930s, Jews fleeing Nazi persecution, a tragedy... To expedite the delivering of supplies to the Jewish Question. factual evidence, the United fighting! His own generals that confidence situation in Europe place for them separate why were and... Creating a military tribunal to punish those who participated in the Middle East from Italy.! A balanced budget. driving trucks and clerical work, for the War, new challenges and perceived had! 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